Heat exchanger manufacturers

AI for heat exchanger manufacturers: check every tender requirement against your datasheet

For the bid engineers, estimators and project managers at heat exchanger fabricators who answer TEMA, API 660, API 661 and owner-specification tenders.

By Ademola Afolabi, Founder, New Odyssey Ltd · Last reviewed:

The short answer

Heat exchanger manufacturers answer a tender by checking the customer's exchanger specification, datasheets and called-up standards against their own design and shop practice. Those standards include TEMA, API 660 or API 661 and a pressure code. Then they list every deviation. OdysseyGPT drafts the compliance matrix and deviation list with a source quote for each requirement.

Key Takeaways

  • Exchanger tenders combine TEMA, API 660 or 661, a pressure code, owner specifications and datasheets.
  • Deviations often come from TEMA type or class, materials, joints, inspection extent and heat treatment.
  • Check early who owns the thermal design, as it changes the guarantee you give.
  • Your engineers set every status; OdysseyGPT drafts the rows with citations.

How do heat exchanger manufacturers answer tender specifications?

An exchanger enquiry usually includes a material requisition, a thermal and mechanical datasheet for each item, a project exchanger specification, the owner's standards, and the industry standards and pressure code they call up. The fabricator checks each line against the offered design, materials and shop practice. Then they return a compliance statement and a technical deviation list.

Which standards come up in heat exchanger tenders?

StandardWhat it coversTypical deviation source
TEMA StandardsShell-and-tube exchanger construction, with classes R, C and B and a three-letter type designationClass or type offered differs from the datasheet
API 660Shell-and-tube heat exchangers for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas serviceDesign details, joints, inspection and testing
API 661Air-cooled heat exchangers for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas serviceFans, drives, headers, structure, noise
API 662Plate heat exchangersPlate and gasket materials, frame design
ASME BPVC Section VIII / PED with EN 13445Pressure design and conformityCode, stamp or conformity route offered
NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156Materials for H2S-containing environments in oil and gas productionSour-service materials, hardness and certificates
EN 10204Types of inspection document for metallic products3.1 offered where 3.2 is required

What goes in a heat exchanger deviation list?

Each row names the clause, the requirement, what you offer, the status, a justification and a cost of withdrawal. For exchangers, rows often cover the TEMA type or class, tube-to-tubesheet joint, corrosion allowance, inspection extent, post-weld heat treatment, nozzle loads and who owns the thermal design. Start from the free deviation list template and use the datasheet vs specification checklist for the remaining checks.

How does OdysseyGPT help?

OdysseyGPT reads the whole specification package for your heat exchanger tender: the project and technical specifications, the material requisition, the inspection and test plan, the datasheets and the standards they call up. It checks each customer requirement against your own datasheets, standard specifications and procedures. Each requirement gets a status (complies, deviates, clarification, not addressed, document requested, not applicable or out of scope) with a quote from the source document and page.

It exports an editable compliance matrix and a deviations & clarifications list. It reads PDF, Word, Excel and CSV files. It does not read engineering drawings, and it does not do thermal rating or mechanical design calculations. It does not send anything to the customer. Your engineers decide every open item. See OdysseyGPT for manufacturing.

Buyer questions

20 questions bid engineers, proposal engineers and buyers ask. Last reviewed:

Which standards do heat exchanger tenders usually call up?

Shell-and-tube tenders usually call up TEMA and often API 660. Air-cooled exchangers usually call up API 661, and plate exchangers may call up API 662. Pressure design is normally to ASME Section VIII or, in Europe, the Pressure Equipment Directive with EN 13445. Owner specifications usually add their own rules on top.

What are TEMA classes R, C and B?

They are the three classes in the TEMA Standards. Class R is for the generally severe needs of petroleum and related processing. Class C is for the generally moderate needs of commercial and general process work. Class B is for chemical process service. The class affects details such as minimum thicknesses and tube pitch, so check which one the tender names.

What does a TEMA type like AES or BEM mean?

It is a three-letter code for the exchanger layout. The first letter is the front head type, the second is the shell type and the third is the rear head type. For example, AES uses a channel with a removable cover, a one-pass shell and a floating head. If you offer a different type from the datasheet, list it as a deviation.

What does API 660 cover?

API 660 covers shell-and-tube heat exchangers for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas service. It adds requirements to the pressure design code and to TEMA, on topics such as design details, materials, fabrication, inspection and testing. If a tender calls up API 660, check its rules alongside the owner's exchanger specification.

What does API 661 cover?

API 661 covers air-cooled heat exchangers for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas service. It covers the tube bundles, headers, fans and drives, and the structure. Owner specifications often add rules on fan control, noise, louvres and winterisation. Check each rule against your standard design and list any differences.

When does a heat exchanger tender ask for ASME Section VIII or PED?

It depends on where the plant is and what the owner requires. ASME Section VIII is widely used for pressure design, often with a code stamp. Plants in the European Union need equipment that meets the Pressure Equipment Directive, often using EN 13445. Some projects ask for both. Confirm which applies before you design and price.

What are the most common deviations in heat exchanger tenders?

Typical ones come from the TEMA type or class, materials, tube-to-tubesheet joints, corrosion allowance, nozzle loads, inspection and testing extent, post-weld heat treatment and tube details such as gauge or length. Owner rules that tighten TEMA or API 660 are a big source. Each gap needs its own row, with a justification and price.

Why do tube-to-tubesheet joints cause clarifications?

Owners often set the joint type, such as expanded, welded or welded and expanded, and ask for a mock-up or joint test. Your standard joint may differ. The joint affects leak risk, cost and test time. Check the specification and datasheet carefully, and state the joint you offer and any qualification you will do.

Who is responsible for thermal design in a heat exchanger tender?

It depends on the tender. Sometimes the buyer supplies a completed thermal design, and you do the mechanical design. Sometimes you must do the thermal rating and guarantee the duty. Read the datasheet and requisition to see which it is. If responsibility is unclear, raise a clarification, because it changes the guarantee you give.

How does sour service affect a heat exchanger offer?

If a fluid contains H2S, owners often call up NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 or their own sour-service rules. That can change materials, hardness limits, welding and heat treatment, and adds testing and certificates. Check which side and which parts the rule applies to. See NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156.

What inspection and testing do heat exchanger tenders ask for?

Usually a hydrostatic test, plus weld examination such as radiography or ultrasonic testing to a set extent. Many add positive material identification, hardness tests and witness points for the buyer's inspector. Read the ITP for each hold and witness point and price them. See the ITP guide.

Which material certificates do heat exchanger tenders ask for?

Most ask for inspection documents for pressure parts, often to EN 10204. Some ask for type 3.1, others for 3.2, which needs an independent inspector. Requirements can differ for tubes, plates, forgings and bolting. Check each one in the ITP and VDRL. See EN 10204 3.1 vs 3.2.

How do I check a heat exchanger datasheet against the tender?

Start with the TEMA type and class, pressure code and design conditions. Then check materials, corrosion allowance, tube details, nozzles, joints, heat treatment, inspection, tests and documents. Compare each line with the owner specification as well. Turn every gap into a row in your technical deviation list.

How should a heat exchanger offer handle nozzle loads?

Check whether the tender gives nozzle loads or asks you to design for a set of loads from an owner table. Those loads may need extra reinforcement. State the loads you have designed for. If they differ from the tender, list a deviation or ask the buyer to confirm piping loads from their stress analysis.

What should plate heat exchanger makers check in a tender?

Check whether the tender calls up API 662 or an owner specification, and whether it really suits a plate design. Then check plate and gasket materials, design pressure and temperature, frame design, testing and documents. If the tender was written around shell-and-tube, raise any offer of a plate exchanger as a clear deviation.

What documents do EPCs ask for with a heat exchanger?

Usually thermal and mechanical datasheets, design calculations, general arrangement and detail drawings, weld procedures and qualifications, material certificates, test reports and the manufacturer's data report or declaration of conformity. The vendor data requirements list sets what is due and when. See the VDRL guide.

What does an ASME code stamp mean for a heat exchanger tender?

It means the exchanger is built by a certified maker and inspected to the ASME code, with an authorised inspector involved. Some owners require it even outside North America. If the tender asks for a stamp and your shop does not hold the right certificate, list it as a deviation or say how you will meet it.

How does an EPC evaluate heat exchanger offers?

They compare each offer against the datasheets and specifications, then look at thermal performance, size and weight, materials, design code, inspection and testing, deviations and documents. Clear, clause-linked deviations make your offer easier to score. See technical bid evaluation for the buyer's view.

How does OdysseyGPT help heat exchanger manufacturers answer tenders?

It reads the whole tender package, including specifications, requisition, datasheets and ITP. It checks each requirement against your own datasheets, standard specifications and procedures. Each requirement gets a status with a quote and page or cell reference. You export an editable compliance matrix and a deviations and clarifications list for your engineers to review.

What does OdysseyGPT not do for heat exchanger tenders?

It does not do thermal rating or mechanical design calculations, and it does not read drawings. It cannot check what TEMA, API 660 or a pressure code says unless that text is in the uploaded documents. It does not certify compliance or send anything to the customer. Your engineers decide every open item and own the offer.

Frequently asked questions

Who prepares the technical offer at a heat exchanger fabricator?

Usually a bid or proposal engineer with an estimator, with thermal and mechanical design engineers for the design basis. At smaller shops, a project manager often answers the RFQ.

Does OdysseyGPT do thermal design?

No. It checks each written requirement against your datasheets and documents and quotes the source. Thermal and mechanical design stay with your engineers.

References

TEMA Standards

Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association

Visit source

API standards catalogue

American Petroleum Institute

API 660, 661 and 662 are sold by API and standards resellers.

Visit source

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII

ASME

Visit source

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